Dynamo-electric machine.



W. T. HENSLEY. Y

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAY 23, NH.

1,255,606. Patented Feb. 5,1918.

7 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1- I r {9 E 6% 07 6 w. T. HENSLEY.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAY 23. 1911.

1,255,606. Patented Feb. 5,1918.

. 5 SHEETS-SBEET 2.

W. T. HENSLEY.

QYNHIO ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED IAY 23. I911.

1,255,606. Patented Feb. 5,1918.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3- w. T. HENSLEY. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23. NH!- Patented Feb. 5,1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 W. T. HENSLEY.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION men v23. m1.

1,255,606. Pz z tented Feb; 5,1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

- field; to provide an improved laminated- UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

WILLIAM T. HENSLEY, OI CONNEBSVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR, .BY MESNEASSIGN- IEN'IS, TO BOUND BROOK ENGINE Jz MFG. 00., A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE;

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. HENSLEY, a citizen of the United Statesof America, and resident of Connersville, Fayette county, In-

diana, have invented a certain new and useous ways, a common formthereof involving a ring-like field or body having four equidistant mainpoles, and four commutatlng or so-called inter poles alternatingtherewith. In this well known form of dynamo machine, the armature isprovided with a shaft which is supported in bracket bearings secured tothe field or body of the machine, there being four brushes for thecommutator of the armature, which brushes are disposed opposite the mainpoles of the field. In some cases the field and the armature core havebeen of a laminated character, and various methods have been proposedfor reducingthe cost of'manufacture.

Generally stated, the object of my invention is to provide an improvedconstruction.

andarrangement whereby the cost of pro duction of a dynamo electricmachine may be still further reduced, without in any way impairing thequality thereof, it being also my object, moreover, to materiallyincrease the serviceability ofthis generaltype of dynamo electricmachine, by elnnmating certain objectionable features or characteristicsheretofore employed, and whereby the reduced cost of production may beaccomplished by the introduction of new and labor saving expedients inshop practice, as well as by the use of cheaper materials and lessquantity thereof than was heretofore the practice in the manufacture. ofmachines of this character.

Certain special objects are to provide an improved laminatedconstruction of the construction of the main poles of the field; toprovide an improved laminated construction of the commutating' orso-called inter poles'of the field; to provide an improved body frameconstruction; to provide an ef- 'fective lifting ring or rlngs whichwill at the same time perform other useful urposes, such asserving asrivets for hol mg Specification of Letters Patnt. Application filed Kay2:, 1911. Serial No. 628,904.

Patented Feb. 5, 1918.

the field frame laminae together; to provide for the casing orstationary part of the machine, by means of which'the said machine maybe fastened to either floor, wall or ceiling; to provide such plates orcoverings for depressions 1n the frame or'casing as will give the casinga smooth, cylindrical and pleasing appearance; to provide an improvedgeneral construction which will tend to insure a better circulation ofthe air through the machine While running than heretofore; to provide ageneral construction whereby practically all of the metal parts of themachine, with the exception of the shaft, bolts, rods, and certain otherparts, may be made from sheet metal pressed into the deslred form; andto provide certain details and features of improvement tendingtoincrease the general efficiency of a dynamo electric machine of thisparticular character.

To the foregoing and other useful ends, my invention consists in mattershereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure l is a side elevation of a dynamoelectric machine embodying the principles of my invention. t

Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of the said machine.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the upper portion of thefield and bracket support construction, as well as one of the bearingsor'housings for the shaft, in vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 4 is a detailed, sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken on avertical plane transverse of the axis of the machine, of one of the mainpoles of the field construction.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line l010 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a section, on the same scale as Fig. 4, of one of thecommutating or socalled inter poles of the field construction, thesection being taken on a plane extending radially from the axis of themachine.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section on line 12-12 in Fig. 6.

ig. 8 is a horizontal section 13-13 in F' 7.

As thus ifiustrated, and referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, and3, it will be seen. that my invention comprises a. ringon line orcurvature of the laminae.

like field or body frame construction A made in four sections. Eachsection of the field comprises a plurality of platesor sheet metallayers a, and where the sections meet, their laminated ends are bentinward and bound together by rivets or bolts a to provide a structurewhich, in effect, has the form of a rigid or continuous ring providedwith four equidistant main'poles B extendin inwardly toward the axis ofthe machine. Thus the entire field construction is of a laminatedcharacter, the laminae of the body of the field being concentric to theaxis of rotation of the machine, and the laminae of the main poles B,which are integral with the body of the field, and which are preferablyseparated .by non-magnetic material, or by air gaps, being disposed inparallel planes which are parallel with the said axis of the machine,whereby each pole in its entirety is radial to the said axis. Theadvantage of this non-magnetic material, or of the air gaps, is thatdetrimental magnetic action is prevented or greatly reduced. The polepieces 0 of the main poles are curved both outside and inside to followthe curvature of the armature, and are secured in place by screws whichextend into certain of the layers or laminae of the poles. lar in crosssection, as shown in Fig. 5, and is inclosed by a rectangular spool ofinsulation I) which is of a size and shape to provide spaces 6' betweenthe inner surface thereof and the edges of the layers or laminae of thepoles. A coil or field winding If is mounted on the said spool 12, andmay be of any suitable, known or approved character. Pieces of wood 6are preferably interposed between the outer end of the spool Z) and thelaminated field construction, these pieces of wood being curved to fitthe bend The coil or winding thus mounted, and the said pieces of wood 6are clamped upon the pole by the pole piece C, the latter havingshoulders c which engage the outer end of the spool to crowd the latteroutward toward the body of the field.

The ring-like field or frame thus constructed is secured to and inclosedby the cvlindric sheet metal casing D which completely encircles thefield, and which is provided at opposite sides with overhanging portionsd having openings or perforations (13' therein for air circulatingpurposes. The said casing D is composed of a plurality of sections orsegments d d and d and (1 the ends of said sections or segments beingprovided with inner portions which are bent inward to form the twocenter layers or laminae of the main poles B, as shown more clearly inFig. 1-, wherein it will be seen that the two center layers or laminae bare integral with the said cylindric casing. The

Each pole B is preferably rectanguflanges or overhanging portions d are,however, of such character that they form a continuous circular flangeat each side of the machine, the ends of the segments or sections of thecasing coming together at the points d", Where they may be welded orotherwise secured together, which points are equidistant apart andlocated opposite the main poles of the field. The sections (F, d and dare preferably formed with portions d, d at i d", which portions areoutside of the tie. es or overhanging portions d. The portion d is bentoutwardly and riveted or bolted to one of the outwardly extendingportions d, with a portion d interposed between, thus forming a foot orat aching support for the machine. A similar foot or attaching supportis formed by the bolting or riveting of the portion (i to the otherportion (1 and with the portion d between, it being understood that thesame construction is duplicated at the other side of the machine,whereby four feet or attaching supports are provided for the machine.Each portion al is in effect an angle iron extending from a foot at thefront of the machine to the corresponding foot at the rear end thereof,whereby the said feet or attaching supports are arranged in pairs, themembers of each pair being rigidly connected by an angle plate or bar.The layers or laminae of the ring-like field or body are securedtogether by radially disposed rivets d, which rivets are arranged atintervals in the circumference of the field. The structure of the fieldis also held together by the bolts d that are inserted in wardly throughthe ring-like laminated structure and into the cores E of thecommutating or so-called inter poles F, which latter are arranged toalternate with the main poles of the field. Each core E is composed of aplurality of plates or layers, being of a laminated character, whichlayers or plates are bound tightly together by the rivets 6 extendingtransversely therethrough. A spool of insulation 6' is mounted on therectangular core E, and is clamped in place by the plate e which issecured to the end of the core E by screws 6 in the manner shown in Fig.6. The coil or winding f may be of any suitable, known or approvedcharacter, and is supported on the spool e in the usual and well knownmanner. The tightening of the bolts 0r screws (i serves to draw theouter end of the core E against the inner face or surface of the field,and to thereby clamp the layers or laminae of the field together. Thesaid commutating or so-called lnter poles F are, it will be seen,somewhat less in width than the width of the laminated outer portion ofthe field, whereby the field overhangs the said commutating poles by 'aperfectly free circulation of the air is insured. The cavities d formedby themturned end portions of the sections or segments of the casing Dare covered or concealed by plates (1 which are secured to the casing inany suitable or desired manner.

With this construction the terminals (Z and.

al *of the machine may be conveniently brought through the lower portionof the casing, the terminals 03 extending through one of the plates d,and the terminals d extending through the overhanging portions orflanges d of the said casing. At the upper portion of the field therivets (Z take the form of U-bolts or rivets d" which are disposed invertical planes at opposite sides of the axis of the machine, whichafford a convenient means for lifting or carrying the machine. Thelayers or laminae of the commutating or inter poles F are disposed inparallel planes which extend crosswise of the axis of the machine. Thusthe entire field or body construction is of a laminated character, itbein made entirely of pressed sheet metal. A eld ofthis character can bemade at a comparatively low cost of production, and in use it has theadvantage of being highly effective both mechanically and electrically.

The bracket rings G and H are disposed respectively at the front andrear ends of the machine, the former some distance away from the field,and the latter quite close thereto, each ring. being concentric to theaxis'of the machine. The ring G is supported by bracketrods g which havetheir outer ends suitably secured to one of the flanges d of the field.The outer ends of the rodsg are bent to extend parallel with the axis ofthe machine, and these bent portionsare forced through openings in thering G and upset or welded, ifnecemary, on their outer ends. The ring Gis laminated in character, being composed of a plurality of rings orlayers g disposed in parallel planes extending crosswise of the axis ofthe machine. These layers or laminae g are held together by the endportions of the rods g, and also by the rivets or rods 9 The ring H isof a similar laminated construction, being composed of a plurality offlat rings h which are held together by the end portions of the bracketrods h, and by rivets or rods similar to the rivets'or rods 9 which rodsit have their outer ends suitably secured to the other flange d of thefield. The .rocker rings I and J are alike in construction, and arearranged respectively within the rings G andH, being adapted to rotatetherein. The ring I is composed of two pressed sheet metal rings i thatare U-shaped in cross section, these two rings being secured back toback by rivets or other suitable devices, and being provided withapertures 71 to reduce weight and afford free circulation of the air.The ring J is composed of two similar pressed sheet metal rings 7',which are arranged back to back, and which are provided with apertures jto reduce the weight and permit free circulation of the air. The ring Iis, when properly adjusted within the ring G, properly held in place byclips or clamping pieces a? secured to the rings G and adapted to engagethe outer flange of the ring I, whereby the latter may beadjusted atwill and retained in any desired position. Similar clips or clampingpieces 7' are employed for securing the ring J against movement withinthe ring H, after the parts have been properly adjusted to suit therequirements of any particular case.

The shaft K has reduced end portions is that are supported in bearingsthese bearings in turn being supported by and inclosed within thepressed sheet metal housings k Each housing is made from a single sheetmetal blank pressed into shape to provide an oil well 70 an inturned lipor flange k at the outer end of the housing, and a head or rib k at theinner end, which latter provides an annular groove for the usual oilthrower is resting against a shoulder is on the shaft. The oil ring ithangs on the shaft and revolves in the oil well or reservoir k in theusual and well known manner. The bottom wall of the chamber or reservoirk rests on the ring G, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2, and is held inplace by clips or fastening devices is which are secured to the innerflange of the ring 1, whereby rotary adjustment of the shaft housing iseasily accomplished to properly position the same. The said housing 70is provided at the bottom thereof with longitudinal channels 70 thatcommunicate with the chamber 70 to insure proper lubrication, It will beunderstood that the housing and shaft bearing at the other end of themachine are of exactly the same character as the ones just described.

The armature core L is of a laminated .character, being divided intotwo. sections.

ings or washers of insulating material to prevent electrical connectionbetween the arms m and the structure of the machine. The carbon brushesm and the sheet metal plates m are slidably held in the brush holder Mand are tightly pressed against the cylindrical surface of thecommutator by the double coil spring m.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I provide a novel constructionof dynamo electric machine in which practically all of the metal partsare made of pressed sheet metal. The entire field magnet construction,for example, can be made of sheet iron or steel pressed into the desiredform to produce a laminated structure of exceptionally good value andstrength, the cost of manufacture being much less than heretofore. Themain and auxiliary lpoles are also, as explained, of laminated s eetiron or steel, and the armature core is constructed of a similarmaterial. The plates or laminae of the armature core are, however, quitethin, as compared with those of the main and auxiliary cores of thefield magnets. The pole pieces or shoes C are each composed of very thinplates or laminae secured together by transverse rivets 0 the thicknessof these plates being the same as those of the armature core, or of anysuitable thickness, to prevent detrimental electrical action, as forexample eddy currents in the pole face. The parts all go together nicelyand with comparatively little labor, are easily taken apart and renewed,and involve the use of materials which are most easily obtainable andmost easily worked into shape. The construction affords, therefore,considerable opportunity for the introduction of economical expedientsof shop practice which are calculated to reduce the cost of productionpractically to a minimum. This is accomplished, however, withoutimpairing the general quality of the machine, and in fact it is evenpossible to obtain by this method of construction a better quality thanheretofore. As good or a better motor or dynamo at less cost is,therefore, the general and principal object of my invention.

The general principles and mode of operation of a dynamo electricmachine of the foregoing character are well understood and need not bedescribed. The circuits may, of course, be of any suitable, known orapproved character. It is well known, for example, that the commutatingor so-called inter poles F supply a counter-flux which tends to preventsparking at the commutator. By reason of the laminated construction ofthe field, I find that better magnetic circuits are produced and thatthe action of the main poles is considerably improved. In other words,the laminated character of the field magnet construction tends not onlytoward a reduction in the cost of production,

but serves also to insure a better and more effective machine. It willalso be seen that the laminated cores E of the inter poles are formedwith enlarged inner end portions e which insure wide contact between thesaid core and the inner surface of the field. This improves the magneticaction and effect of the field construction as a whole, and providesshoulders 6 against which the coils or windings f are clamped by theplates e, in the manner previously described.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, the lower plate al through which theterminals d extend is made in two parts, being split or dividedlongitudinally of the machine at the center of the plate, so that thetwo edges of the two parts of the plate come together around theinsulating bushings (Z of the terminals d. A center screw d" extendsbetween the two edges of the two parts of the plate, and into the fieldframe, passing through a long bushing or washer d, which latter supportsthe said two part plate (1 to kee the latter from collapsing into therecess, 13 which it covers. Thus an effective arrangement is providedfor securing the terminals in place on a stationary portion of themachine, and for locating the same in a position where they will beprotected against injury.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a rotary dynamo electric machine,a field magnet construction comprising a laminated body, said body beingcomposed of a plurality of sections, the surfaces of the laminae of eachsection being parallel ,with the axis of rotation of the machine, andthe outer laminae being wider than the others to provide a casing havingoverhanging flanges for the field, which flanges are apertured, and feetintegral with said casing.

2. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, and means for solidly unlting said inturned ends,said sections thereby forming a rigid body frame, the laminae of eachsection extending parallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, andinter poles of laminated construction, the laminae of said inter polesbeing arran ed in parallel planes extending crosswise 0 said axis.

3. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, and means for solidly uniting said inturned ends,said sections thereby forming a rigid body frame, the laminae of eachsection extending parallel with the axis of rotation of the machine,each pole being composed of the inturned ends of two adjacent sections,the laminae in the poles being said axis.

4. In a rotary dynamo electric machine,

a field magnet construction comprising a laminated body, said body beingcomposed of a plurality of sections, each section having the endsthereof turned inward to form the poles of the field, and the surfacesof the laminae of each section. being parallel with the axis of rotationof the machine, the outer laminae being wider than the others to providea casing having overhanging flanges for the field, which flanges areapertured,

and feet integral with said casing. if

5. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section havingthe ends thereof turned inward'to form thepoles of the field, the surfaces of the laminae of each section beingparallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, each pole beingcomposed of the inturned ends of two adjacent sections, the laminae inthe poles being disposed in parallel planes, and the laminae between thepoles being arranged concentrically with respect to each other and saidaxis, the outer laminae being wider than the others to provide a casinghaving overhanging flanges for the field, which flanges are apertured,and feet integral with said casing.

6. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, and the surfaces of the laminae of each sectionbeing parallel with the axis of'rotation of the machine, the outerlaminae being wider than the others to provide a casing havingoverhanging flanges for the field, which flanges are apertured, feetintegral with said casing, bracket rings, an armature shaft, means forsupporting the shaft in said rings, and supporting rods connecting saidrings with said flanges.

7. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet construction.comprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, the surfaces of the laminae of each section beingparallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, each pole beingcomposed of the inturned ends of two adjacent sections, the laminae inthe poles being disposed in parallel planes, and the laminae between thepoles being arranged concentrically with respect to each other and saidaxis, the outer laminae being wider than the others to provide a casinghaving overhanging flanges for the field, which flanges are apertured,feet integral with said casing, bracket rings, an armature shaft, meansfor supporting the shaft in said rings, and supporting rods connectingsaid rings with said flanges.

8. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, the surfaces of the lamina of each section beingparallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, inter poles oflaminated construction, the lamina of said inter poles being arranged inparallel planes extending crosswise of said axis, each inter pole havingthe core thereof formed with an enlarged base which seats upon the innersurface of the said body, screws extending through said sections andinto the said base of each inter pole, a winding for each inter pole,and a face plate secured to the end of each inter pole to secure thewinding thereon. is

9. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, the surfaces of the laminae of each section beingparallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, each pole beingcomposed of the inturned ends of two adjacent sections, the laminae inthe poles being disposed in parallel planes, the laminae between thepoles being arranged concentrically with respect to each other and saidaxis, inter poles of laminated construction, the

laminae of said inter poles being arranged thereof formed with an enlared ase which seats upon theinner surface 0 the said body, screwsextending through said sections and into the saidbase of each inter ole,a vwinding for each inter pole, and a ace plate secured to the end ofeach inter pole to secure the winding thereon.

10. In a rotary dynamo electric machine, a field magnet constructioncomprising a laminated body, said body being composed of a plurality ofsections, each section having the ends thereof turned inward to form thepoles of the field, the surfaces of the laminae of each section beingparallel with the axis of rotation of the machine, each pole beingcomposed of the inturned ends of two adjacent sections, the laminae inthe poles being disposed in parallel planes, and the laminae between thepoles being arranged concentrically with respect to each other and sadaxis, a winding for each pole, there being space between the windingsand the edges of the laminae of the poles, pole places for the ends ofsaid poles, to keep the windings in place thereon, and fastening screwsextending through said pole pleces and into the said poles.

11. In a dynamo electric machine, a field structure having a sheet metalcasing forming a part thereof, and feet integral with sald casing, whichfeet are each formed by two portions of the sheet metal bent outwardlyand fastened together at their ends.

12. In a dynamo electric machine, a field structure having a sheet metalcasing formf ing a part thereof, feet inte ral with said casing, whichfeet are each ormed by two portions of the sheet metal bent outwardlyand fastened together at their ends, and angle iron bars connecting saidfeet together in pairs.

13. In a dynamo electric machine a laminated field structure, thelaminae being concentric to each other, and U-shaped members the endportions of which are inserted through the field to hold the laminaethereof together.

14. A dynamo electric machine comprising a field magnet constructionforming the frame of the machine, said frame including a plurality oflaminated sheet metal sections having end portions forming the poles ofthe field, an armature shaft, bearings for said shaft, means for unitingsaid end portions to complete the continuity of said field constructionand insure rigidity of said f? frame, and means for supporting saidbearings on said frame, the outer sheet metal layers of the sectionscombining to provide said frame with a cylindric casin Signed by me atChicago, Il inois, this 19th day of May, 1911.

WILLIAM T. HENSLEY.

